Shock Current Path is the minimum resistance path through which an electric current passes when a person experiences an electric shock. This determines the intensity of shock and its potential effects on the body. The flow of electricity requires a closed electrical path or circuit. It requires two contact points on the body to complete this electric current flow. Whenever a person experiences an electric shock, the electricity enters the body through a contact point known as the Entry Point and exits through another contact point known as the Exit Point. Usually, the body provides a low-resistance path to the ground on departing the exit point. 

The shock current path which is developed between the entry and exit points along with several other factors such as the magnitude of the current, the duration of exposure, and the type of current influences the shock hazard and determines which organs or body systems are affected.

Common Causes for Shock Current Path

• Contact with live electrical sources: It could occur through direct contact with exposed wiring or equipment or through a faulty electrical device.
• Conductive Materials and Wet Conditions: The human body itself is conducting. Exposure to wet conditions or metal tools or jewelry increases the conductivity of the body thereby creating a shock current path.

Health Hazards

• Cardiac Effects: Since its functions are based on electrical signals, the heart becomes vulnerable to effects such as ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, and arrhythmia
• Respiratory Effects: Electric current that flows through the chest or affects the nervous system can impair breathing and can cause paralysis of respiratory muscles.
• Nervous System Damage: Electric shock can have drastic effects on the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system causing seizures, nerve damage, and paralysis.
• Electrocution: It refers to fatal injuries caused by electric shock

Preventions

• Ensure proper insulation and maintenance of electrical systems.
• Use grounding systems in high-risk areas.
• Avoid wet environments when working with electricity and use waterproof equipment.
• Practice safe handling of electrical appliances, including unplugging and proper cord maintenance.
• Use insulated tools when working near electrical systems.